Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Line a 9 x 13 x 2-inch pan with parchment paper, leaving a 1-inch overhand on either side, and spray with nonstick cooking spray for easy removal.
Add the butter, brown sugar, and sugar to a large bowl and beat with a hand mixer or a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment until combined. Add the eggs and vanilla and mix until combined.
Add flour, salt, and baking soda and mix until combined. Stir in the chocolate chips by hand.
Spread half of the cookie dough into the bottom of the prepared pan and bake for 8-9 minutes.
Meanwhile, prepare the peanut butter caramel by adding the caramels and cream to a medium microwave-safe bowl. Heat in the microwave for 30 seconds at a time, stirring between each increment until smooth and combined.
Add the peanut butter and vanilla to the caramel mixture and stir until combined.
Pour the peanut butter caramel on top of the baked cookie and spread evenly. Crumble the remaining cookie dough on top of the caramel. Bake for an additional 18-20 minutes or until lightly brown. Let the cookie bars cool completely before slicing and serving.